openshift

Deploy and manage applications on Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform.

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Install skill "openshift" with this command: npx skills add bagelhole/devops-security-agent-skills/bagelhole-devops-security-agent-skills-openshift

OpenShift

Deploy and manage applications on Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform.

When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when:

  • Deploying applications to OpenShift clusters

  • Using OpenShift-specific features (Routes, BuildConfigs)

  • Managing projects and RBAC in OpenShift

  • Implementing S2I (Source-to-Image) builds

  • Working with OpenShift Operators

Prerequisites

  • OpenShift cluster access

  • oc CLI installed

  • Basic Kubernetes knowledge

CLI Basics

Authentication

Login to cluster

oc login https://api.cluster.example.com:6443 -u admin -p password

Login with token

oc login --token=sha256~xxxx --server=https://api.cluster.example.com:6443

Check current context

oc whoami oc whoami --show-server oc whoami --show-context

Logout

oc logout

Project Management

Create project (namespace)

oc new-project myapp --display-name="My App" --description="My Application"

Switch project

oc project myapp

List projects

oc projects

Delete project

oc delete project myapp

Deploying Applications

From Image

Deploy from container image

oc new-app --image=nginx:latest --name=webserver

Deploy from Docker Hub

oc new-app docker.io/library/nginx:latest

Deploy with environment variables

oc new-app myimage:latest
-e DATABASE_URL=postgres://localhost/db
-e APP_ENV=production

From Source (S2I)

Deploy from Git repository

oc new-app https://github.com/org/myapp.git

Specify builder image

oc new-app nodejs:18~https://github.com/org/nodejs-app.git

With context directory

oc new-app https://github.com/org/monorepo.git
--context-dir=backend
--name=backend-api

From Template

List available templates

oc get templates -n openshift

Deploy from template

oc new-app postgresql-persistent
-p POSTGRESQL_USER=user
-p POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD=secret
-p POSTGRESQL_DATABASE=mydb

Routes

Creating Routes

apiVersion: route.openshift.io/v1 kind: Route metadata: name: myapp spec: host: myapp.apps.cluster.example.com to: kind: Service name: myapp weight: 100 port: targetPort: 8080 tls: termination: edge insecureEdgeTerminationPolicy: Redirect

Create route via CLI

oc expose svc/myapp

Create with custom hostname

oc create route edge myapp
--service=myapp
--hostname=myapp.apps.cluster.example.com

Create passthrough route (TLS termination at pod)

oc create route passthrough myapp-secure --service=myapp

A/B Testing

apiVersion: route.openshift.io/v1 kind: Route metadata: name: myapp spec: to: kind: Service name: myapp-v1 weight: 90 alternateBackends: - kind: Service name: myapp-v2 weight: 10

Build Configurations

BuildConfig

apiVersion: build.openshift.io/v1 kind: BuildConfig metadata: name: myapp spec: source: type: Git git: uri: https://github.com/org/myapp.git ref: main strategy: type: Docker dockerStrategy: dockerfilePath: Dockerfile output: to: kind: ImageStreamTag name: myapp:latest triggers: - type: ConfigChange - type: GitHub github: secret: webhook-secret

S2I Build

apiVersion: build.openshift.io/v1 kind: BuildConfig metadata: name: myapp spec: source: type: Git git: uri: https://github.com/org/myapp.git strategy: type: Source sourceStrategy: from: kind: ImageStreamTag namespace: openshift name: nodejs:18-ubi8 env: - name: NPM_RUN value: start output: to: kind: ImageStreamTag name: myapp:latest

Build Commands

Start build

oc start-build myapp

Start build from local source

oc start-build myapp --from-dir=.

Follow build logs

oc start-build myapp --follow

View build logs

oc logs -f bc/myapp

Cancel build

oc cancel-build myapp-1

Image Streams

apiVersion: image.openshift.io/v1 kind: ImageStream metadata: name: myapp spec: lookupPolicy: local: true tags: - name: latest from: kind: DockerImage name: registry.example.com/myapp:latest importPolicy: scheduled: true

Create image stream

oc create imagestream myapp

Import image

oc import-image myapp:latest
--from=docker.io/library/nginx:latest
--confirm

Tag image

oc tag myapp:latest myapp:production

Deployment Configs

apiVersion: apps.openshift.io/v1 kind: DeploymentConfig metadata: name: myapp spec: replicas: 3 selector: app: myapp template: metadata: labels: app: myapp spec: containers: - name: myapp image: myapp:latest ports: - containerPort: 8080 resources: requests: memory: "128Mi" cpu: "100m" limits: memory: "256Mi" cpu: "500m" triggers: - type: ConfigChange - type: ImageChange imageChangeParams: automatic: true containerNames: - myapp from: kind: ImageStreamTag name: myapp:latest strategy: type: Rolling rollingParams: maxSurge: 25% maxUnavailable: 25%

ConfigMaps and Secrets

Create ConfigMap

oc create configmap myapp-config
--from-literal=APP_ENV=production
--from-file=config.yaml

Create Secret

oc create secret generic myapp-secrets
--from-literal=password=secret123

Mount as volume

oc set volume dc/myapp
--add --name=config
--type=configmap
--configmap-name=myapp-config
--mount-path=/etc/config

Set as environment

oc set env dc/myapp --from=secret/myapp-secrets

Security Context Constraints

List SCCs

oc get scc

View SCC details

oc describe scc restricted

Grant SCC to service account

oc adm policy add-scc-to-user anyuid -z myapp-sa -n myproject

Create service account

oc create serviceaccount myapp-sa

Custom SCC

apiVersion: security.openshift.io/v1 kind: SecurityContextConstraints metadata: name: myapp-scc allowPrivilegedContainer: false runAsUser: type: MustRunAsNonRoot seLinuxContext: type: MustRunAs fsGroup: type: RunAsAny volumes:

  • configMap
  • secret
  • persistentVolumeClaim users:
  • system:serviceaccount:myproject:myapp-sa

Operators

List available operators

oc get packagemanifests -n openshift-marketplace

Subscribe to operator

cat <<EOF | oc apply -f - apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: prometheus namespace: openshift-operators spec: channel: stable name: prometheus source: community-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace EOF

View installed operators

oc get csv -n openshift-operators

Monitoring

View pod logs

oc logs -f pod/myapp-1-xyz

View events

oc get events --sort-by='.lastTimestamp'

Resource usage

oc adm top pods oc adm top nodes

Debug pod

oc debug pod/myapp-1-xyz

Common Issues

Issue: Build Fails

Problem: S2I build cannot find dependencies Solution: Check builder image, verify source repository access

Issue: Pod Security Violation

Problem: Pod fails to start due to SCC Solution: Use appropriate SCC or modify container security context

Issue: Route Not Working

Problem: Cannot access application via route Solution: Verify service selector, check router pods, validate DNS

Issue: Image Pull Error

Problem: Cannot pull image from registry Solution: Create image pull secret, link to service account

oc create secret docker-registry regcred
--docker-server=registry.example.com
--docker-username=user
--docker-password=pass

oc secrets link default regcred --for=pull

Best Practices

  • Use Projects for isolation (not just namespaces)

  • Leverage ImageStreams for image management

  • Use BuildConfigs for CI/CD integration

  • Implement proper SCCs (avoid privileged)

  • Use Routes instead of Ingress

  • Leverage OpenShift templates for repeatability

  • Monitor with built-in Prometheus

  • Use Operators for complex applications

Related Skills

  • kubernetes-ops - K8s fundamentals

  • helm-charts - Helm deployments

  • container-registries - Image management

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