container-ops

Docker 容器的日常操作,包括生命周期管理、资源限制、日志查看等。

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Install skill "container-ops" with this command: npx skills add chaterm/terminal-skills/chaterm-terminal-skills-container-ops

Docker 容器操作

概述

Docker 容器的日常操作,包括生命周期管理、资源限制、日志查看等。

容器生命周期

运行容器

docker run -d --name myapp nginx docker run -it --rm ubuntu bash

常用参数

docker run -d
--name myapp
-p 8080:80
-v /host/path:/container/path
-e ENV_VAR=value
--restart unless-stopped
nginx

启停容器

docker start/stop/restart container_name docker pause/unpause container_name

删除容器

docker rm container_name docker rm -f container_name # 强制删除 docker container prune # 清理停止的容器

容器查看

列出容器

docker ps # 运行中 docker ps -a # 所有 docker ps -q # 仅 ID docker ps --format "table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Ports}}"

容器详情

docker inspect container_name docker inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' container_name

资源使用

docker stats docker stats container_name docker top container_name

容器交互

进入容器

docker exec -it container_name /bin/bash docker exec -it container_name sh

执行命令

docker exec container_name ls -la

查看日志

docker logs container_name docker logs -f container_name # 实时跟踪 docker logs --tail 100 container_name # 最后 100 行 docker logs --since 1h container_name # 最近 1 小时

资源限制

内存限制

docker run -d --memory=512m nginx

CPU 限制

docker run -d --cpus=1.5 nginx docker run -d --cpu-shares=512 nginx

更新运行中容器

docker update --memory=1g container_name docker update --cpus=2 container_name

文件操作

复制文件

docker cp container_name:/path/file ./local docker cp ./local container_name:/path/

查看文件变更

docker diff container_name

导出容器

docker export container_name > container.tar docker import container.tar myimage:tag

常见场景

场景 1:调试容器

1. 查看容器状态

docker inspect container_name | jq '.[0].State'

2. 查看日志

docker logs --tail 50 container_name

3. 进入容器排查

docker exec -it container_name sh

4. 查看进程

docker top container_name

场景 2:容器无法启动

查看退出原因

docker inspect container_name | jq '.[0].State.ExitCode' docker inspect container_name | jq '.[0].State.Error'

查看日志

docker logs container_name

以交互模式启动排查

docker run -it --entrypoint sh image_name

场景 3:批量操作

停止所有容器

docker stop $(docker ps -q)

删除所有停止的容器

docker container prune -f

删除所有容器

docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)

故障排查

问题 排查方法

容器退出 docker logs , docker inspect

网络不通 docker network inspect , 检查端口映射

磁盘满 docker system df , docker system prune

内存溢出 docker stats , 检查 OOMKilled

启动慢 检查健康检查配置, 镜像大小

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