Human Write

請 AI 幫忙潤稿嗎？請避開以下詞！

基於 2025 年兩篇研究，分析 2,750 萬篇 PubMed 文獻，找出 AI 偏好的英文詞彙。

觸發時機

• 用戶請你潤飾英文文章

• 用戶請你寫英文學術/專業文章

• 用戶想檢查文章裡有沒有 AI 味的英文詞

• 用戶說 "human-write" 或 "scan AI words"

• 中文寫作請參考 chinese-patterns.md

Top 10 最嚴重的 AI 詞

基於 2025 年兩篇研究，分析 2,750 萬篇 PubMed 文獻，找出 AI 偏好的英文詞彙。

Top 10 最嚴重的 AI 詞

寫完或潤完稿，先搜這 10 個。出現任何一個都要三思：

排名 詞彙 為什麼可疑 替換方向

1 delve 2024 Z-score 最高，AI 最愛用 explore, examine, look into

2 underscore AI 用來替代 emphasize emphasize, highlight, stress

3 meticulous AI 最愛的形容詞 careful, thorough, precise

4 intricate AI 用來替代 complex complex, detailed, elaborate

5 tapestry AI 愛用的比喻詞 mix, combination, array

6 commendable AI 的誇獎用語 impressive, notable, solid

7 showcase AI 用來替代 show/demonstrate show, demonstrate, present

8 pivotal AI 用來替代 important/key key, important, central

9 bolster AI 用來替代 support/strengthen support, strengthen, back up

10 surpass AI 用來替代 exceed/outperform exceed, beat, outperform

完整 AI 偏好詞彙表

AI 偏好 更自然的替代

delve (into) explore, look into, examine

underscore emphasize, highlight, stress

showcase show, demonstrate, present

bolster support, strengthen, back up

elucidate explain, clarify, make clear

garner gain, attract, earn, get

leverage use, take advantage of, build on

unveil reveal, introduce, present

scrutinize examine, inspect, review

surpass exceed, beat, outperform

boast have, feature, offer

foster encourage, promote, support

facilitate help, enable, make easier

harness use, apply, put to use

navigate handle, manage, deal with

streamline simplify, improve, speed up

illuminate show, reveal, shed light on

spearhead lead, drive, champion

embark (on) start, begin, launch

endeavor try, attempt, work toward

encompass include, cover, span

catalyze trigger, spark, drive

augment add to, increase, supplement

delineate describe, outline, define

juxtapose compare, contrast, set side by side

transcend go beyond, rise above, exceed

AI 偏好 更自然的替代

meticulous careful, thorough, precise

intricate complex, detailed, elaborate

pivotal key, important, central, crucial

commendable impressive, notable, solid, good

groundbreaking new, innovative, first-of-its-kind

transformative significant, game-changing, major

nuanced subtle, complex, layered

comprehensive full, complete, thorough

robust strong, solid, reliable

multifaceted complex, varied, diverse

noteworthy notable, worth noting, significant

paramount most important, top, critical

holistic overall, whole, complete

overarching main, broad, general

unprecedented never before seen, first, new

salient key, main, important

burgeoning growing, rising, expanding

AI 偏好 更自然的替代

primarily mainly, mostly, largely

notably especially, in particular

predominantly mostly, mainly, largely

compellingly convincingly, strongly

profoundly deeply, greatly, strongly

moreover also, besides, in addition

furthermore also, and, in addition

importantly (often deletable — just state it)

crucially (often deletable — just state it)

remarkably surprisingly, strikingly

substantially greatly, significantly, a lot

inherently by nature, naturally, fundamentally

AI 偏好 更自然的替代

tapestry mix, combination, range

realm area, field, domain

landscape field, area, scene, picture

synergy teamwork, cooperation, combined effect

paradigm model, approach, framework

nexus link, connection, center

interplay interaction, relationship

cornerstone foundation, basis, key part

underpinning basis, foundation, support

discourse discussion, debate, conversation

trajectory path, direction, trend

myriad many, numerous, a wide range of

plethora many, plenty, a lot of

使用方式

模式一：潤稿時自動避開

幫用戶潤飾英文時，主動避開以上所有詞彙。如果原文沒有這些詞，潤稿後也不該出現。

規則：

• 不加入原文沒有的 AI 詞 — 潤稿是改善，不是加料

• 替換原文已有的 AI 詞 — 用更自然的替代詞，但先問用戶

• 保留用戶的聲音 — 如果用戶本來就愛用某個詞，別幫他換掉

模式二：掃描檢測

用內建腳本掃描文章，產生 AI 詞彙密度報告：

python3 ~/.claude/skills/human-write/scan-ai-words.py <file>

或從 stdin

cat essay.txt | python3 ~/.claude/skills/human-write/scan-ai-words.py

輸出格式

═══ AI Word Scan Report ═══

Score: 3.2 / 10 (moderate AI flavor)

Found 8 AI-flavored words in 1,200 words (0.67% density)

TIER 1 (top flagged): delve ×2 (lines 5, 23) meticulous ×1 (line 14)

TIER 2 (commonly flagged): comprehensive ×3 (lines 8, 31, 45) furthermore ×2 (lines 12, 38)

Suggestions: Line 5: "delve into the mechanisms" → try "explore the mechanisms" Line 14: "meticulous analysis" → try "careful analysis" ...

評分標準

分數 密度 解讀

0-2 < 0.2% 自然，幾乎無 AI 痕跡

3-4 0.2%-0.5% 輕微，稍作替換即可

5-6 0.5%-1.0% 中度，建議逐一檢查

7-8 1.0%-2.0% 明顯，需要大量改寫

9-10

2.0% 強烈 AI 味，重寫吧

研究背景

兩篇關鍵論文

• Matsui K. (2025). Delving Into PubMed Records: How AI-Influenced Vocabulary has Transformed Medical Writing since ChatGPT. Perspectives on Medical Education, 14(1), 882-890.

• Kobak, D., et al. (2025). Delving into LLM-assisted writing in biomedical publications through excess vocabulary. Science Advances, 11(27), eadt3813.

核心發現

• 分析 2,750 萬篇 PubMed 紀錄 (2000-2024)

• 135 個 AI 偏好詞彙中，103 個在 2024 年出現統計上顯著暴增

• 趨勢從 2020 年就開始（ChatGPT 發布前兩年）

• 對照組 84 個標準學術用語大多穩定

雙相模式

• 第一階段 (2020-2022)：DeepL、Grammarly 等早期 AI 工具開始影響詞彙選擇

• 第二階段 (2023-至今)：ChatGPT 爆發，AI 詞彙被大規模放大 (β = 0.655, p < 0.001)

非英語母語研究者

• 來自中國、韓國、台灣等地的論文，AI 詞彙使用比例約 20%

• 英語國家約 5%

• 這不代表「不當使用」，但代表需要更注意審稿後編輯

重要提醒

• 詞彙「出現」不代表一定是 AI 寫的

• 關鍵是密度：人類偶爾用 delve 很正常，每段都用就不正常

• AI 沒有「創造」這些用法，但大大「放大」了它們

• 同時，一些傳統學術用語反而減少了：purpose of, hypothesis, results suggest

注意事項

• 這個清單基於醫學文獻研究，但 AI 偏好詞彙在各領域通用

• 不是說這些詞「不能用」，而是用之前要確認是自己的選擇

• 非英語母語者用 AI 潤稿完全合理，只要最後自己編輯一遍

• 人類文章有「凸點、凹洞、偏執與破綻」，這是特徵不是缺點

• AI 是草稿機，不是代筆人