U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data API

Free, open REST API from the U.S. Department of the Treasury for federal financial data. No API key or registration required.

Base URL: https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service

Quick Start

import requests import pandas as pd

BASE_URL = "https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service"

Get the current national debt (Debt to the Penny)

resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v2/accounting/od/debt_to_penny", params={ "sort": "-record_date", "page[size]": 1 }) data = resp.json()["data"][0] print(f"Total public debt as of {data['record_date']}: ${float(data['tot_pub_debt_out_amt']):,.0f}")

Get Treasury exchange rates for recent quarters

resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v1/accounting/od/rates_of_exchange", params={ "fields": "country_currency_desc,exchange_rate,record_date", "filter": "record_date:gte:2024-01-01", "sort": "-record_date", "page[size]": 100 }) df = pd.DataFrame(resp.json()["data"])

Authentication

None required. The API is fully open and free.

Core Parameters

Parameter Example Description

fields=

fields=record_date,tot_pub_debt_out_amt

Select specific columns

filter=

filter=record_date:gte:2024-01-01

Filter records

sort=

sort=-record_date

Sort (prefix - for descending)

format=

format=json

Output format: json , csv , xml

page[size]=

page[size]=100

Records per page (default 100)

page[number]=

page[number]=2

Page index (starts at 1)

Filter operators: lt , lte , gt , gte , eq , in

Multiple filters separated by comma

"filter=country_currency_desc:in:(Canada-Dollar,Mexico-Peso),record_date:gte:2024-01-01"

Key Datasets & Endpoints

Debt

Dataset Endpoint Frequency

Debt to the Penny /v2/accounting/od/debt_to_penny

Daily

Historical Debt Outstanding /v2/accounting/od/historical_debt_outstanding

Annual

Schedules of Federal Debt /v1/accounting/od/schedules_fed_debt

Monthly

Daily & Monthly Statements

Dataset Endpoint Frequency

DTS Operating Cash Balance /v1/accounting/dts/operating_cash_balance

Daily

DTS Deposits & Withdrawals /v1/accounting/dts/deposits_withdrawals_operating_cash

Daily

Monthly Treasury Statement (MTS) /v1/accounting/mts/mts_table_1 (16 tables) Monthly

Interest Rates & Exchange

Dataset Endpoint Frequency

Average Interest Rates on Treasury Securities /v2/accounting/od/avg_interest_rates

Monthly

Treasury Reporting Rates of Exchange /v1/accounting/od/rates_of_exchange

Quarterly

Interest Expense on Public Debt /v2/accounting/od/interest_expense

Monthly

Securities & Auctions

Dataset Endpoint Frequency

Treasury Securities Auctions Data /v1/accounting/od/auctions_query

As Needed

Treasury Securities Upcoming Auctions /v1/accounting/od/upcoming_auctions

As Needed

Average Interest Rates /v2/accounting/od/avg_interest_rates

Monthly

Savings Bonds

Dataset Endpoint Frequency

I Bonds Interest Rates /v2/accounting/od/i_bond_interest_rates

Semi-Annual

U.S. Treasury Savings Bonds: Issues, Redemptions & Maturities /v1/accounting/od/sb_issues_redemptions

Monthly

Response Structure

{ "data": [...], "meta": { "count": 100, "total-count": 3790, "total-pages": 38, "labels": {"field_name": "Human Readable Label"}, "dataTypes": {"field_name": "STRING|NUMBER|DATE|CURRENCY"}, "dataFormats": {"field_name": "String|10.2|YYYY-MM-DD"} }, "links": {"self": "...", "first": "...", "prev": null, "next": "...", "last": "..."} }

Note: All values are returned as strings. Convert as needed (e.g., float() , pd.to_datetime() ). Null values appear as the string "null" .

Common Patterns

Load all pages into a DataFrame

def fetch_all_pages(endpoint, params=None): params = params or {} params["page[size]"] = 10000 # max size to minimize requests resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}{endpoint}", params=params) result = resp.json() df = pd.DataFrame(result["data"]) return df

Aggregation (automatic sum)

Omitting grouping fields triggers automatic aggregation:

Sum all deposits/withdrawals by record_date and transaction type

resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v1/accounting/dts/deposits_withdrawals_operating_cash", params={ "fields": "record_date,transaction_type,transaction_today_amt" })

Reference Files

• api-basics.md — URL structure, HTTP methods, versioning, data types

• parameters.md — All parameters with detailed examples and edge cases

• datasets-debt.md — Debt datasets: Debt to the Penny, Historical Debt, Schedules of Federal Debt, TROR

• datasets-fiscal.md — Daily Treasury Statement, Monthly Treasury Statement, revenue, spending

• datasets-interest-rates.md — Average interest rates, exchange rates, TIPS/CPI, certified interest rates

• datasets-securities.md — Treasury auctions, savings bonds, SLGS, buybacks

• response-format.md — Response objects, error handling, pagination, response codes

• examples.md — Python, R, and pandas code examples for common use cases

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