shadcn Component Review

Systematic review process for ensuring custom components and layouts align with shadcn design patterns, official theme styles, and Radix UI best practices.

Quick Start

Planning Phase (Preventive)

Before building a component:

1. Check existing patterns: Review similar components in src/ui/ and src/components/
2. Reference your theme style: See references/theme-styles.md for spacing/shape patterns
3. Use shadcn MCP (if available): Query components via shadcn MCP server
4. Review checklist: Use references/review-checklist.md as planning guide

Review Phase (Post-Build)

After building a component:

1. Run spacing audit: Check against your theme's spacing patterns
2. Verify structure: Ensure proper use of data-slot attributes and composition
3. Check design tokens: Verify semantic tokens only (no hardcoded colors)
4. Test composability: Ensure component can be reused and customized via props
5. Validate responsive: Test mobile-first approach and breakpoints

Core Review Areas

1. Spacing (Theme-Dependent)

Use gap-* for flex/grid containers. Spacing varies by theme style:

See references/theme-styles.md for theme-specific patterns.

2. Component Structure

• Use data-slot attributes: data-slot="component-name"
• Sub-components: ComponentName.Header, ComponentName.Content
• Composition over modification (never edit src/ui/* directly)

3. Design Tokens

Semantic tokens only - never hardcoded colors:

// ✅ text-muted-foreground, bg-muted, hover:bg-accent
// ❌ text-neutral-500, bg-gray-100, hover:bg-neutral-50

4. Composability

• Prop-based customization (variants, sizes)
• Slot-based composition (children, content blocks)
• Single responsibility, clear interface

5. Responsive Design

• Mobile-first (< 768px base)
• Breakpoints: md: (768px+), lg: (1024px+)
• Touch targets: min 44px
• Flex children: min-w-0 to prevent overflow

See references/review-checklist.md for detailed checklists.

Foundational Patterns

CVA (Class Variance Authority)

shadcn components use CVA for type-safe, declarative variants:

import { cva, type VariantProps } from "class-variance-authority"

const buttonVariants = cva(
  "inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium transition-colors",
  {
    variants: {
      variant: {
        default: "bg-primary text-primary-foreground hover:bg-primary/90",
        outline: "border border-input bg-background hover:bg-accent",
      },
      size: {
        default: "h-9 px-4 py-2",
        sm: "h-8 px-3 text-sm",
      },
    },
    defaultVariants: { variant: "default", size: "default" },
  }
)

interface ButtonProps extends VariantProps<typeof buttonVariants> {}

Key points:

• Base styles in first argument (always applied)
• Variants as declarative object
• Type-safe props via VariantProps
• Extend with new variants, don't modify base

cn() Utility

Always use cn() for conditional and override classes:

import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"

// Combines clsx (conditionals) + tailwind-merge (conflict resolution)
<div className={cn(
  "base-classes",
  isActive && "active-classes",
  className // allows consumer overrides
)} />

Why it matters:

• Prevents CSS cascade conflicts
• Enables prop-based class overrides
• Handles conditional classes cleanly

Theme-Aware Styling

shadcn themes use CSS variables for consistent styling across components.

Border radius is theme-defined via --radius:

// ✅ Uses theme radius (adapts to Maia rounded vs Lyra sharp)
<Button className="rounded-md">  // Uses --radius variable
<Card className="rounded-lg">

// ❌ Hardcoded (ignores theme settings)
<Button className="rounded-[20px]">

Theme CSS variables (defined in your theme's CSS):

• --radius - Base radius unit
• --background, --foreground - Base colors
• --primary, --secondary, --accent - Semantic colors
• --muted, --card, --popover - Surface colors

Custom theme extensions: If your project needs theme-switchable radius (e.g., pill vs sharp), create utility classes mapped to CSS variables:

/* Example: Theme-switchable radius */
.rounded-theme-button {
  border-radius: var(--radius-button);
}

Animation Patterns

Use consistent, subtle animations. See references/animation-patterns.md for:

• Timing standards (150ms fast, 200ms normal, 300ms slow)
• Easing curves (ease-out for enter, ease-in for exit)
• Radix data-state animation patterns
• Framer Motion patterns for enter/exit
• Accessibility (motion-safe: prefixes)

Resources

shadcn Documentation

• Components: https://ui.shadcn.com/docs/components
• Blocks: https://ui.shadcn.com/blocks
• Themes: https://ui.shadcn.com/themes
• Theme Creator: https://ui.shadcn.com/create

2025 Updates

Visual Styles (via npx shadcn create):

• Vega - Classic shadcn/ui look
• Nova - Compact layouts, reduced spacing
• Maia - Soft and rounded, generous spacing
• Lyra - Boxy and sharp, pairs with mono fonts
• Mira - Dense interfaces

New utility components:

• input-group / button-group - Grouped controls
• empty - Empty state patterns
• field - Form field wrapper
• spinner - Loading indicator

Technical updates:

• Full Tailwind v4 support (@theme directive)
• OKLCH colors (from HSL)
• React 19 compatibility

Community Tools

• tweakcn: https://tweakcn.com/ - Interactive theme editor
• Shadcn Studio: https://shadcnstudio.com/ - Theme generator
• Shadcn Themer: https://shadcnthemer.com/ - Theme creator

Review Workflow

Step 1: Structure Review

Check component structure against shadcn patterns:

// ✅ Good: Proper structure with data-slot
<div data-slot="component-name" className="flex flex-col gap-4">
  <div data-slot="component-header" className="flex flex-col gap-2">
    {/* Header content */}
  </div>
  <div data-slot="component-content">
    {/* Main content */}
  </div>
</div>

// ❌ Bad: Missing data-slot, inconsistent spacing
<div className="space-y-4">
  <div className="mb-2">
    {/* Header content */}
  </div>
  <div>
    {/* Main content */}
  </div>
</div>

Step 2: Spacing Audit

Verify spacing follows your theme's patterns:

• Check all flex containers use gap-* not space-y-* or margins
• Verify spacing values follow Tailwind scale (2, 4, 6, 8, etc.)
• Ensure responsive spacing uses gap-X md:gap-Y pattern
• Match spacing density to your theme (Maia=generous, Nova/Mira=compact)

Step 3: Design Token Check

Verify semantic tokens only:

# Check for hardcoded colors
grep -r "neutral-\|gray-\|slate-" [component-file]

Step 4: Composability Review

Ensure component can be:

• Reused in other contexts
• Customized via props (variants, sizes)
• Composed with other components
• Extended without modification

Step 5: Responsive Verification

Test at breakpoints:

• Mobile: 375px
• Tablet: 768px
• Desktop: 1280px

Examples

Good Component Pattern

// ✅ Follows shadcn patterns
export function PageContent({
  heading,
  description,
  contentBlock,
  children,
}: PageContentProps) {
  return (
    <div
      data-slot="page-content"
      className="min-w-0 flex flex-col gap-4 md:gap-6"
    >
      <div data-slot="page-content-header" className="flex flex-col gap-2">
        <h1 className="text-xl md:text-2xl tracking-tight font-semibold text-foreground">
          {heading}
        </h1>
        {description && (
          <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">{description}</p>
        )}
      </div>
      {contentBlock && (
        <div data-slot="page-content-block">{contentBlock}</div>
      )}
      {children}
    </div>
  );
}

Bad Component Pattern

// ❌ Violates multiple patterns
export function PageContent({ heading, description }: Props) {
  return (
    <div className="space-y-6">
      <div className="mb-4">
        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">{heading}</h1>
        <p className="mt-2 text-sm text-neutral-500">{description}</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

Issues:

• Uses space-y-* instead of gap-*
• Hardcoded colors (text-gray-900, text-neutral-500)
• Missing data-slot attributes
• Inconsistent spacing (mb-4, mt-2 instead of flex gap)

Additional Resources

• Theme Styles: references/theme-styles.md
• Review Checklist: references/review-checklist.md
• Animation Patterns: references/animation-patterns.md
• V2 Enhancement Ideas: references/v2-notes.md