Telegram Bot Development Skill (grammY + Cloudflare Workers)

Tech Stack

Environment Configuration

Project Initialization

1. Create Project

pnpm create cloudflare@latest my-telegram-bot
# Select: "Hello World" Worker, TypeScript: Yes, Git: Yes, Deploy: No

cd my-telegram-bot

2. Install Dependencies

# Core dependencies
pnpm add grammy drizzle-orm

# Dev dependencies
pnpm add -D drizzle-kit vitest @vitest/coverage-v8 @biomejs/biome husky lint-staged

3. Create Drizzle Config (drizzle.config.ts)

import { defineConfig } from "drizzle-kit";

export default defineConfig({
  schema: "./src/db/schema.ts",
  out: "./migrations",
  dialect: "sqlite",
});

4. Define Database Schema (src/db/schema.ts)

import { relations, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
import { integer, sqliteTable, text, uniqueIndex } from "drizzle-orm/sqlite-core";

export const users = sqliteTable(
  "users",
  {
    id: integer("id").primaryKey({ autoIncrement: true }),
    telegramId: text("telegram_id").notNull(),
    username: text("username"),
    firstName: text("first_name"),
    createdAt: text("created_at").notNull().default(sql`CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`),
    updatedAt: text("updated_at").notNull().default(sql`CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`),
  },
  (table) => [uniqueIndex("users_telegram_id_unique").on(table.telegramId)]
);

export const settings = sqliteTable(
  "settings",
  {
    id: integer("id").primaryKey({ autoIncrement: true }),
    userId: integer("user_id")
      .notNull()
      .references(() => users.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
    key: text("key").notNull(),
    value: text("value"),
  },
  (table) => [uniqueIndex("settings_user_id_key_unique").on(table.userId, table.key)]
);

export const usersRelations = relations(users, ({ many }) => ({
  settings: many(settings),
}));

5. Configure wrangler.toml (Multi-Environment)

name = "my-telegram-bot"
main = "src/index.ts"
compatibility_date = "2024-01-01"
compatibility_flags = ["nodejs_compat"]

[env.dev]
name = "my-telegram-bot-dev"

[env.dev.vars]
BOT_INFO = """{ "id": 123456789, "is_bot": true, "first_name": "MyBotDev", "username": "my_bot_dev" }"""

[[env.dev.d1_databases]]
binding = "DB"
database_name = "telegram-bot-db-dev"
database_id = "<DEV_DATABASE_ID>"

[env.production]
name = "my-telegram-bot"

[env.production.vars]
BOT_INFO = """{ "id": 987654321, "is_bot": true, "first_name": "MyBot", "username": "my_bot" }"""

[[env.production.d1_databases]]
binding = "DB"
database_name = "telegram-bot-db"
database_id = "<PRODUCTION_DATABASE_ID>"

6. Create D1 Databases

# Create development database
pnpm exec wrangler d1 create telegram-bot-db-dev

# Create production database
pnpm exec wrangler d1 create telegram-bot-db

# Copy database_id to wrangler.toml

7. Database Migrations

# Create migration file
pnpm exec wrangler d1 migrations create telegram-bot-db-dev init

# Generate SQL files from Drizzle schema
pnpm exec drizzle-kit generate

# Apply to development
pnpm exec wrangler d1 migrations apply telegram-bot-db-dev --local
pnpm exec wrangler d1 migrations apply telegram-bot-db-dev --remote

# Apply to production
pnpm exec wrangler d1 migrations apply telegram-bot-db --remote

8. Configure Git Hooks

pnpm exec husky init

.husky/pre-commit:

pnpm exec lint-staged
pnpm test

Code Structure

Entry File (src/index.ts)

import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/d1";
import { sql } from "drizzle-orm";
import { Bot, webhookCallback } from "grammy";
import { users } from "./db/schema";

export interface Env {
  BOT_TOKEN: string;
  BOT_INFO: string;
  DB: D1Database;
}

export default {
  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
    const db = drizzle(env.DB);

    const bot = new Bot(env.BOT_TOKEN, {
      botInfo: JSON.parse(env.BOT_INFO),
    });

    bot.command("start", async (ctx) => {
      const user = ctx.from;
      if (user) {
        await db
          .insert(users)
          .values({
            telegramId: String(user.id),
            username: user.username ?? null,
            firstName: user.first_name ?? null,
          })
          .onConflictDoUpdate({
            target: users.telegramId,
            set: {
              username: user.username ?? null,
              firstName: user.first_name ?? null,
              updatedAt: sql`CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`,
            },
          });
      }
      await ctx.reply("Welcome to the Bot!");
    });

    return webhookCallback(bot, "cloudflare-mod")(request);
  },
};

GitHub Actions CI/CD

Workflow Overview

.github/workflows/ci.yml

name: CI/CD

on:
  push:
    branches: [main, dev]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main, dev]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: 20
          cache: pnpm
      - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
      - run: pnpm run lint
      - run: pnpm run test

  deploy-dev:
    needs: test
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev' && github.event_name == 'push'
    environment: development
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
      - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
      - uses: cloudflare/wrangler-action@v3
        with:
          apiToken: ${{ secrets.CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN }}
          environment: dev

  deploy-production:
    needs: test
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' && github.event_name == 'push'
    environment: production
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
      - run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
      - uses: cloudflare/wrangler-action@v3
        with:
          apiToken: ${{ secrets.CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN }}
          environment: production

GitHub Configuration

Secrets (Settings -> Secrets and variables -> Actions):

• CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN: Cloudflare API Token

Environments (Settings -> Environments):

• development: Optional protection rules
• production: Recommend configuring Required reviewers

Deployment

Manual Deployment

# Deploy to development
pnpm exec wrangler deploy --env dev

# Deploy to production
pnpm exec wrangler deploy --env production

Set Secrets

# Development
pnpm exec wrangler secret put BOT_TOKEN --env dev

# Production
pnpm exec wrangler secret put BOT_TOKEN --env production

Set Webhook

# Development
curl "https://api.telegram.org/bot<DEV_TOKEN>/setWebhook?url=https://my-telegram-bot-dev.<subdomain>.workers.dev/"

# Production
curl "https://api.telegram.org/bot<PROD_TOKEN>/setWebhook?url=https://my-telegram-bot.<subdomain>.workers.dev/"

References

• grammY Documentation
• Drizzle ORM Documentation
• Cloudflare Workers
• Wrangler Environments