Stride Shader Asset Workflow

Overview

This skill defines the correct workflow for adding, updating, and debugging Stride shader files (*.sdsl) in C# projects.

It helps agents verify project setup, generated shader key files, and Stride asset compilation steps.

When To Use

• Adding a new Stride shader file (*.sdsl) of any kind (compute, material/mixin, effect-related, or custom shader classes)
• Renaming/moving shader files
• Adding/changing shader parameters and needing updated generated C# key files (*.sdsl.cs)
• Seeing Stride shader errors like E1202 ... mixin ... is not in the module
• Seeing runtime behavior that suggests a new shader is not being loaded
• Working in projects that use both .sdpkg asset folders and explicit .csproj shader links

Default Stride Template Layout (Usual Case)

In a standard Stride game created from the template, shader files are usually placed in an Effects folder next to the platform-independent game core project (<GameName>.csproj), for example:

• <SolutionRoot>/<GameName>/<GameName>.csproj
• <SolutionRoot>/<GameName>/Effects/*.sdsl
• <SolutionRoot>/<GameName>/<GameName>.sdpkg

Typical template behavior:

• <GameName>.sdpkg includes AssetFolders for both Assets and Effects
• The core game .csproj often has no explicit shader item entries
• Shader files are picked up via SDK-style default items (None) + Stride's default target metadata (None Update="**\*.sdsl" Generator="StrideShaderKeyGenerator")

Practical implication:

• If you are working inside a normal template game project and shaders live under the project folder (for example Effects/), you usually do not need explicit .csproj shader link items.
• The explicit linked/wildcard .csproj patterns in this skill are mainly for:
  • shared external shader folders (for example ..\..\shaders)
  • runner/test projects
  • non-template layouts

Generated Shader Keys (Use These, Not String Keys)

Stride has a built-in shader key generator for .sdsl files:

• VS custom tool: StrideShaderKeyGenerator
• Output: *.sdsl.cs
• Generated class pattern: <ShaderName>Keys

Use generated keys in C# when possible instead of string-based ParameterKeys.FindByName(...)/manual names.

Why:

• Prevents binding bugs from wrong names or missing qualification (for example Width vs MyShader.Width)
• Keeps parameter bindings in sync when shader parameters change

Important Trap: None vs Content Shader Items

Stride's default targets auto-apply the shader key generator to:

• None Update="**\\*.sdsl" Generator="StrideShaderKeyGenerator"

If your project links shaders as Content items (common in runner/test projects), you might not get automatic key generation unless you set generator metadata explicitly on those linked items.

For linked shaders in a C# project (especially external/shared shader folders), prefer None items (so the default Stride metadata pattern matches), and set the generator explicitly anyway.

Preferred scalable pattern (works with subfolders):

<ItemGroup>
  <None Include="..\\..\\shaders\\**\\*.sdsl"
        Link="Assets\\%(RecursiveDir)%(Filename)%(Extension)"
        Generator="StrideShaderKeyGenerator" />
</ItemGroup>

<ItemGroup>
  <Compile Include="..\\..\\shaders\\**\\*.sdsl.cs"
           Link="Assets\\Generated\\%(RecursiveDir)%(Filename)%(Extension)"
           Visible="false"
           AutoGen="True"
           DesignTime="True" />
</ItemGroup>

Notes:

• Generator="StrideShaderKeyGenerator" is the VS/custom-tool hook that produces *.sdsl.cs.
• The recursive wildcard patterns (..\\..\\shaders\\**\\*.sdsl and ..\\..\\shaders\\**\\*.sdsl.cs) keep the project file small and automatically pick up new shaders/subfolders.
• The Compile Include="..\\..\\shaders\\**\\*.sdsl.cs" pattern ensures generated key files are compiled when working in CLI/agent workflows and linked shader layouts.
• If a project intentionally uses Content for linked shaders, Generator="StrideShaderKeyGenerator" must be set explicitly on each shader item.
• This wildcard setup was validated in a Stride runner project with:
  • StrideAssetUpdateGeneratedFiles
  • StrideCleanAsset
  • StrideCompileAsset
  • a real GPU roundtrip run (compress + low-level decompressor fallback + verify pass)

C# Project Setup (Required for CLI/Agent Workflows)

In addition to Stride.Engine / Stride.Rendering, ensure the project has the asset compiler targets available (directly or transitively). In standalone runner/test projects, adding this package explicitly makes the CLI targets available:

<PackageReference Include="Stride.Core.Assets.CompilerApp" Version="4.3.x">
  <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
  <IncludeAssets>build;buildTransitive</IncludeAssets>
</PackageReference>

Without the asset compiler targets, StrideAssetUpdateGeneratedFiles, StrideCleanAsset, and StrideCompileAsset may be unavailable.

Workflow (Do This In Order)

1. Add the shader file to the repository.

• Example: shaders/MyPass.sdsl

2. Verify the Stride package includes the folder that contains the shader.

• Check <project>.sdpkg AssetFolders.
• Example valid entry:

AssetFolders:
  - Path: !dir ../../shaders

3. If the project also links shader files in the .csproj, add the new shader there too.

• This is easy to miss and can cause "mixin not in module" even if .sdpkg looks correct.
• Prefer linked None items for shaders (not Content) and set Generator="StrideShaderKeyGenerator" so *.sdsl.cs key files regenerate.
• Ensure generated *.sdsl.cs files are compiled (prefer recursive wildcard Compile Include pattern).
• Example pattern:

<None Include="..\..\shaders\**\*.sdsl"
      Link="Assets\%(RecursiveDir)%(Filename)%(Extension)"
      Generator="StrideShaderKeyGenerator" />

<Compile Include="..\..\shaders\**\*.sdsl.cs"
         Link="Assets\Generated\%(RecursiveDir)%(Filename)%(Extension)"
         Visible="false"
         AutoGen="True"
         DesignTime="True" />

4. Refresh generated shader key files (especially in agent/CLI workflows, outside VS).

• In current Stride NuGet targets, StrideAssetUpdateGeneratedFiles is a standalone target and may require _StridePrepareAssetCompiler first when invoked directly.
• Run (PowerShell-safe quoted /t: form):

dotnet msbuild src/MyStrideApp/MyStrideApp.csproj "/t:_StridePrepareAssetCompiler;StrideAssetUpdateGeneratedFiles" /p:Configuration=Debug

5. Force a Stride asset rebuild (do not trust normal dotnet build up-to-date checks).

• Run these targets explicitly:

dotnet msbuild src/MyStrideApp/MyStrideApp.csproj /t:StrideCleanAsset /p:Configuration=Debug
dotnet msbuild src/MyStrideApp/MyStrideApp.csproj /t:StrideCompileAsset /p:Configuration=Debug

6. Build and run only after the asset rebuild.

dotnet build src/MyStrideApp/MyStrideApp.csproj -c Debug
dotnet run --project src/MyStrideApp/MyStrideApp.csproj -c Debug

7. If still failing, then debug shader code/runtime bindings.

• At this point, errors are more likely real shader syntax/semantics/binding issues.

Failure Signatures (Interpretation)

• E1202: The mixin [X] ... is not in the module

• Meaning:

  • Shader not included in Stride asset module yet (stale asset DB), or
  • Shader file not reachable via .sdpkg AssetFolders, or
  • Shader file not linked in .csproj when the project relies on explicit linked shader Content

• Action:

  • Re-run the workflow above from step 2, especially steps 3-4

• Stride asset build says many items are up-to-date but new shader still missing

• Meaning:

  • Up-to-date inputs did not include your new shader path (or cache state is stale)

• Action:

  • Run StrideCleanAsset then StrideCompileAsset

• C# bindings suddenly stop working after shader parameter rename/addition

• Meaning:

  • Generated *.sdsl.cs keys are stale or missing, or code is using string keys manually

• Action:

  • Run _StridePrepareAssetCompiler;StrideAssetUpdateGeneratedFiles
  • Prefer generated <ShaderName>Keys over string key lookup

• Generated *.sdsl.cs fails to compile on a shader float default value

• Meaning:

  • The shader default literal was written as 100.0 (double-like in generated C#) and the generated key file emits ParameterKeys.NewValue<float>(100.0)

• Action:

  • Write explicit float literals in SDSL defaults (for example 100.0f)
  • Re-run generated-file update target

Agent Rules (Preventing Workarounds Too Early)

• Do not add low-level D3D/SharpDX shader dispatch workarounds for a newly-added shader until the explicit Stride asset rebuild workflow has been executed.
• Always inspect both:
  • .sdpkg AssetFolders
  • .csproj linked shader Content items (if present in that project)
• Prefer generated *.sdsl.cs key classes for parameter binding; avoid string keys unless necessary.
• When reporting results, state whether StrideAssetUpdateGeneratedFiles, StrideCleanAsset, and StrideCompileAsset were run.

Quick Checklist

• .sdsl file exists
• .sdpkg asset folder includes its directory
• .csproj links the shader (if project uses linked shader Content)
• .csproj uses linked None shader items (preferred) or explicit generator metadata on linked shader items
• Generator="StrideShaderKeyGenerator" set on linked shader items
• Compile Include="..\\..\\shaders\\**\\*.sdsl.cs" (or equivalent) present so generated keys compile
• _StridePrepareAssetCompiler;StrideAssetUpdateGeneratedFiles run after shader changes
• StrideCleanAsset run
• StrideCompileAsset run
• dotnet build / dotnet run run after asset rebuild