x-article-publisher

Publish Markdown content to X (Twitter) Articles editor, preserving formatting with rich text conversion.

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Install skill "x-article-publisher" with this command: npx skills add zhanlincui/ultimate-agent-skills-collection/zhanlincui-ultimate-agent-skills-collection-x-article-publisher

X Article Publisher

Publish Markdown content to X (Twitter) Articles editor, preserving formatting with rich text conversion.

Prerequisites

  • Playwright MCP for browser automation

  • User logged into X with Premium Plus subscription

  • Python 3.9+ with dependencies: pip install Pillow pyobjc-framework-Cocoa

Scripts

Located in ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/ :

parse_markdown.py

Parse Markdown and extract structured data:

python parse_markdown.py <markdown_file> [--output json|html] [--html-only]

Returns JSON with: title, cover_image, content_images (with block_index for positioning), html, total_blocks

copy_to_clipboard.py

Copy image or HTML to system clipboard:

Copy image (with optional compression)

python copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/image.jpg [--quality 80]

Copy HTML for rich text paste

python copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /path/to/content.html

Workflow

Strategy: "先文后图" (Text First, Images Later)

For articles with multiple images, paste ALL text content first, then insert images at correct positions using block index.

  • Parse Markdown with Python script → get title, images with block_index, HTML

  • Navigate to X Articles editor

  • Upload cover image (first image)

  • Fill title

  • Copy HTML to clipboard (Python) → Paste with Cmd+V

  • Insert content images at positions specified by block_index

  • Save as draft (NEVER auto-publish)

高效执行原则 (Efficiency Guidelines)

目标: 最小化操作之间的等待时间,实现流畅的自动化体验。

  1. 避免不必要的 browser_snapshot

大多数浏览器操作(click, type, press_key 等)都会在返回结果中包含页面状态。不要在每次操作后单独调用 browser_snapshot ,直接使用操作返回的页面状态即可。

❌ 错误做法: browser_click → browser_snapshot → 分析 → browser_click → browser_snapshot → ...

✅ 正确做法: browser_click → 从返回结果中获取页面状态 → browser_click → ...

  1. 避免不必要的 browser_wait_for

只在以下情况使用 browser_wait_for :

  • 等待图片上传完成(textGone="正在上传媒体" )

  • 等待页面初始加载(极少数情况)

不要使用 browser_wait_for 来等待按钮或输入框出现 - 它们在页面加载完成后立即可用。

  1. 并行执行独立操作

当两个操作没有依赖关系时,可以在同一个消息中并行调用多个工具:

✅ 可以并行:

  • 填写标题 (browser_type) + 复制HTML到剪贴板 (Bash)
  • 解析Markdown生成JSON + 生成HTML文件

❌ 不能并行(有依赖):

  • 必须先点击create才能上传封面图
  • 必须先粘贴内容才能插入图片
  1. 连续执行浏览器操作

每个浏览器操作返回的页面状态包含所有需要的元素引用。直接使用这些引用进行下一步操作:

理想流程(每步直接执行,不额外等待):

browser_navigate → 从返回状态找create按钮 → browser_click(create) → 从返回状态找上传按钮 → browser_click(上传) → browser_file_upload → 从返回状态找应用按钮 → browser_click(应用) → 从返回状态找标题框 → browser_type(标题) → 点击编辑器 → browser_press_key(Meta+v) → ...

  1. 准备工作前置

在开始浏览器操作之前,先完成所有准备工作:

  • 解析 Markdown 获取 JSON 数据

  • 生成 HTML 文件到 /tmp/

  • 记录 title、cover_image、content_images 等信息

这样浏览器操作阶段可以连续执行,不需要中途停下来处理数据。

Step 1: Parse Markdown (Python)

Use parse_markdown.py to extract all structured data:

python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md

Output JSON:

{ "title": "Article Title", "cover_image": "/path/to/first-image.jpg", "content_images": [ {"path": "/path/to/img2.jpg", "block_index": 5, "after_text": "context for debugging..."}, {"path": "/path/to/img3.jpg", "block_index": 12, "after_text": "another context..."} ], "html": "<p>Content...</p><h2>Section</h2>...", "total_blocks": 45 }

Key fields:

  • block_index : The image should be inserted AFTER block element at this index (0-indexed)

  • total_blocks : Total number of block elements in the HTML

  • after_text : Kept for reference/debugging only, NOT for positioning

Save HTML to temp file for clipboard:

python parse_markdown.py article.md --html-only > /tmp/article_html.html

Step 2: Open X Articles Editor

browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles

重要: 页面加载后会显示草稿列表,不是编辑器。需要:

  • 等待页面加载完成: 使用 browser_snapshot 检查页面状态

  • 立即点击 "create" 按钮: 不要等待 "添加标题" 等编辑器元素,它们只有点击 create 后才出现

  • 等待编辑器加载: 点击 create 后,等待编辑器元素出现

1. 导航到页面

browser_navigate: https://x.com/compose/articles

2. 获取页面快照,找到 create 按钮

browser_snapshot

3. 点击 create 按钮(通常 ref 类似 "create" 或带有 create 标签)

browser_click: element="create button", ref=<create_button_ref>

4. 现在编辑器应该打开了,可以继续上传封面图等操作

注意: 不要使用 browser_wait_for text="添加标题" 来等待页面加载,因为这个文本只有在点击 create 后才出现,会导致超时。

If login needed, prompt user to log in manually.

Step 3: Upload Cover Image

  • Click "添加照片或视频" button

  • Use browser_file_upload with the cover image path (from JSON output)

  • Verify image uploaded

Step 4: Fill Title

  • Find textbox with "添加标题" placeholder

  • Use browser_type to input title (from JSON output)

Step 5: Paste Text Content (Python Clipboard)

Copy HTML to system clipboard using Python, then paste:

Copy HTML to clipboard

python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /tmp/article_html.html

Then in browser:

browser_click on editor textbox browser_press_key: Meta+v

This preserves all rich text formatting (H2, bold, links, lists).

Step 6: Insert Content Images (Block Index Positioning)

关键改进: 使用 block_index 精确定位,而非依赖文字匹配。

定位原理

粘贴 HTML 后,编辑器中的内容结构为一系列块元素(段落、标题、引用等)。每张图片的 block_index 表示它应该插入在第 N 个块元素之后。

操作步骤

  • 获取所有块元素: 使用 browser_snapshot 获取编辑器内容,找到 textbox 下的所有子元素

  • 按索引定位: 根据 block_index 点击对应的块元素

  • 粘贴图片: 复制图片到剪贴板后粘贴

For each content image (from content_images array):

1. Copy image to clipboard (with compression)

python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/img.jpg --quality 85

2. Click the block element at block_index

Example: if block_index=5, click the 6th block element (0-indexed)

browser_click on the element at position block_index in the editor

3. Paste image

browser_press_key: Meta+v

4. Wait for upload (use short time, returns immediately when done)

browser_wait_for textGone="正在上传媒体" time=2

定位策略

在 browser_snapshot 返回的结构中,编辑器内容通常是:

textbox [ref=xxx]: generic [ref=block0]: # block_index 0 - paragraph content heading [ref=block1]: # block_index 1 - h2 content generic [ref=block2]: # block_index 2 - paragraph content ...

要在 block_index=5 后插入图片:

  • 找到编辑器 textbox 下的第 6 个子元素(索引从0开始)

  • 点击该元素

  • 粘贴图片

注意: 每插入一张图片后,后续图片的实际位置会偏移。建议按 block_index 从大到小的顺序插入图片,这样先插入的图片不会影响后续图片的索引。

反向插入示例

如果有3张图片,block_index 分别为 5, 12, 27:

  • 先插入 block_index=27 的图片

  • 再插入 block_index=12 的图片

  • 最后插入 block_index=5 的图片

这样每次插入都不会影响前面已经定位好的位置。

Step 7: Save Draft

  • Verify content pasted (check word count indicator)

  • Draft auto-saves, or click Save button if needed

  • Click "预览" to verify formatting

  • Report: "Draft saved. Review and publish manually."

Critical Rules

  • NEVER publish - Only save draft

  • First image = cover - Upload first image as cover image

  • Rich text conversion - Always convert Markdown to HTML before pasting

  • Use clipboard API - Paste via clipboard for proper formatting

  • Block index positioning - Use block_index for precise image placement

  • Reverse order insertion - Insert images from highest to lowest block_index

  • H1 title handling - H1 is used as title only, not included in body

Supported Formatting

  • H2 headers (## )

  • Blockquotes (> )

  • Code blocks (... ) - converted to blockquotes since X doesn't support <pre><code>

  • Bold text (**)

  • Hyperlinks (text)

  • Ordered lists (1. 2. 3.)

  • Unordered lists (- )

  • Paragraphs

Example Flow

User: "Publish /path/to/article.md to X"

Step 1: Parse Markdown

python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md > /tmp/article.json python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/parse_markdown.py /path/to/article.md --html-only > /tmp/article_html.html

  • Navigate to https://x.com/compose/articles

  • Upload cover image (browser_file_upload for cover only)

  • Fill title (from JSON: title )

  • Copy & paste HTML: python ~/.claude/skills/x-article-publisher/scripts/copy_to_clipboard.py html --file /tmp/article_html.html

Then: browser_press_key Meta+v

  • For each content image, in reverse order of block_index: python copy_to_clipboard.py image /path/to/img.jpg --quality 85

  • Click block element at block_index position

  • browser_press_key Meta+v

  • Wait until upload complete

  • Verify in preview

  • "Draft saved. Please review and publish manually."

Best Practices

为什么用 block_index 而非文字匹配?

  • 精确定位: 不依赖文字内容,即使多处文字相似也能正确定位

  • 可靠性: 索引是确定性的,不会因为文字相似而混淆

  • 调试方便: after_text 仍保留用于人工核验

为什么用 Python 而非浏览器内 JavaScript?

  • 本地处理更可靠: Python 直接操作系统剪贴板,不受浏览器沙盒限制

  • 图片压缩: 上传前压缩图片 (--quality 85),减少上传时间

  • 代码复用: 脚本固定不变,无需每次重新编写转换逻辑

  • 调试方便: 脚本可单独测试,问题易定位

等待策略

关键理解: browser_wait_for 的 textGone 参数会在文字消失时立即返回,time 只是最大等待时间,不是固定等待时间。

  • ❌ 保守等待: time=5 或 time=10 ,如果上传只需2秒,剩余时间全浪费

  • ✅ 短间隔轮询: time=2 ,条件满足立即返回,最多等2秒

正确用法:短 time 值,条件满足立即返回

browser_wait_for textGone="正在上传媒体" time=2

错误用法:固定长时间等待

browser_wait_for time=5 # 无条件等待5秒,浪费时间

原则: 不要预设"需要等多久",而是设置一个合理的最大值,让条件检测尽快返回。

图片插入效率

每张图片的浏览器操作从5步减少到2步:

  • 旧: 点击 → 添加媒体 → 媒体 → 添加照片 → file_upload

  • 新: 点击段落 → Meta+v

封面图 vs 内容图

  • 封面图: 使用 browser_file_upload(因为有专门的上传按钮)

  • 内容图: 使用 Python 剪贴板 + 粘贴(更高效)

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